Plainfield
M2 Carbine .30
Initially, the M1 carbine was planned to include selective-fire capability, but production proceeded without that feature. Fully automatic fire was added with the M2, an improved, selective-fire version of the M1 introduced in 1944. The M2 also incorporated late M1 refinements, such as an updated rear sight, the addition of a bayonet lug, and other minor changes.
The M2 carbine was the most commonly issued carbine variant during the Korean War. A thorough assessment of its effectiveness, conducted by S. L. A. Marshall, found that many soldiers complained about the weapon’s inadequate effective range, which allowed enemies to close the distance and throw hand grenades. A deeper analysis revealed, however, that many of these complaints stemmed from ammunition depletion, as several soldiers fired their M2 on full automatic for too long. Troops who fired in semi-automatic at longer ranges tended to report better performance, a pattern more common among the more experienced soldiers.
Typically, the M2 was assigned to second-line troops—administrative, support, and other personnel with limited combat experience and limited training in small-unit tactics—who nevertheless sometimes had to engage the enemy at pivotal moments, such as during breakthroughs or ambushes. Marshall noted that nearly all lethal shots with carbines in Korea occurred at ranges of 50 yards (46 meters) or closer. The M2 also proved to be a preferred weapon for night patrols. It saw use early in the Vietnam War by special forces, ARVN advisors, and air crews.
Specifications
- Mass: 5.2 lb (2.4 kg) empty; 5.8 lb (2.6 kg) loaded with sling
- Length: 35.6 in (900 mm)
- Barrel length: 17.75 in (451 mm)
- Cartridge: .30 Carbine
- Action: Gas-operated (short-stroke piston), rotating bolt
- Rate of fire: 750 rounds/min (M2)
- Muzzle velocity: 1,990 ft/s (607 m/s)
- Effective firing range: 330 yd (300 m)
- Feed system: 15- or 30-round detachable box magazine
- Sights: Rear sight—aperture; L-type flip or adjustable; Front sight—wing-protected post
